Ohhhhkay, a few things.
Cabosil is a fumed silica powder. It’s a ‘thixotropic agent’, a powder added to resin to give the resulting mix a paste consistency, It adds absolutely dick to the strength of the hardened mix, might make it a touch less brittle but that’s about it. It doesn’t chemically combine with said resin or anything like it.
It is, maybe, a little less hard than the resin or about the same, so sanding isn’t an issue.
But it’s just a powder. I have used talcum powder and reasonably fine sugar when far away from more customary sources. Resin thickened with talcum smells real nice when you sand it, by the way. Wood flour is something WEST systems sells for use wthi its epoxy line, ultrafine sawdust. Flour and cornstarch and baking soda and salt, all should work fine. Fuller’s Earth ( Kieselguhr, diatomaceous earth, fossilized planktom essentially) - they use it making dynamite, why not.I think, matter of fact, that’s what they use in disposable diapers. Along with a lot of other things.
If you somehow collect the dust when you sand fiberglass, cool beans, use that. Sanding foam? Fine dust, fine thickener.
Now, with all of these available, why on (diatomaceous ) earth would you want to go through the trouble and mess and bother of grinding up kitty litter? Yeah, it probably has a silica product in it, though it’s mostly an absorbent clay. The Goddamnedcat just had four ninja kittens, I know way more about that stuff than I want to,
Silicas are a whole chemical family, some soft ( like talc) some quite hard. . Again, there’s a lot of products that will work just fine right off the shelf without going through all this rigamarole, go with one of them.
hope that’s of use.